Cuantificación y tratamiento de la congestión en insuficiencia cardíaca: una visión clínica y fisiopatológica

Renal sodium and water retention with resulting extracellular volume expansion and redistribution are hallmark features of heart failure syndromes. However, congestion assessment, monitoring, and treatment represent a real challenge in daily clinical practice. This document reviewed historical and contemporary evidence of available methods for determining volume status and discuss pharmacological aspects and pathophysiological principles that underlie diuretic use.     

Key benefits of dexamethasone and antibody treatment in COVID-19 hamster models revealed by single-cell transcriptomics

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Acquired semi-squamatization during chemotherapy suggests differentiation as a therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer

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基于功能磁共振成像的肝豆状核变性患者纹状体亚区损害及临床分析

目的基于功能磁共振成像分析肝豆状核变性（Wilson disease, WD）患者纹状体亚区神经功能损害及其与临床相关分析，探讨其神经心理学症状可能的致病机制。方法收集WD患者29例和健康志愿者30例，进行3.0 T磁共振功能磁共振成像及临床量表测试，采用mICA工具箱的group ICA功能将壳核和尾状核分成8个亚区，做全脑功能连接，提取功能连接异常区域的值与临床量表测试结果做相关性分析。结果与对照组相比，WD患者左侧尾状核中部与全脑未发现功能增强或减弱区域，余感兴趣区与全脑功能连接不同程度减弱。左侧尾状核前部（ROI5）-中扣带回功能连接值与简易智能状态量表（MMSE）值呈显著负相关（r=-0.47，P=0.009）；右侧尾状核前部（ROI6）-中扣带回功能连接值与MMSE值呈显著负相关（r=-0.46，P=0.011）；右侧尾状核中部（ROI8）-右侧岛叶功能连接值与MMSE值呈显著负相关（r=-0.38，P=0.041）。结论右侧尾状核前中部与背外侧前额叶功能连接减弱，双侧壳核前部与丘脑功能连接减弱，可能破坏皮质-纹状体-丘脑回路引起认知功能损害；参与记忆及动作相关认知的突显网络、默认模式网络的通路连接受阻则可能是WD患者认知障碍的神经病理机制。     

HIV相关淋巴瘤诊治进展

[摘要]　HIV相关淋巴瘤是常见的HIV相关肿瘤之一，在联合抗反转录病毒治疗（combination antiretroviral therapy, cART）出现之前，其治疗效果极差。在cART时代，HIV相关淋巴瘤的基础及临床研究取得了重大进展，这些为挖掘治疗新靶点提供了依据，使优化HIV相关淋巴瘤的诊治成为可能。本文对近年来HIV相关淋巴瘤的诊断和治疗进展进行综述。     

Treatment for local control of retroperitoneal and pelvis sarcomas: A review of the literature

Retroperitoneal and pelvis sarcomas are uncommon tumors for which complete surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment. However, achieving complete gross resection with microscopically negative margins is challenging, and local recurrence rates can be high. Patients often succumb to uncontrolled local disease. Radiation therapy offers a potential means for sterilizing microscopic residual disease, although its use continues to be controversial. Chemotherapy alone or in combination with radiation continues to be investigated as an adjunct to surgery, along with immunotherapy and targeted therapies. In this review, we discuss the current management of retroperitoneal and pelvis sarcomas, focusing on studies of surgery and radiation therapy to maximize local control.